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The general formal ontology (GFO) is an upper ontology integrating processes and objects.〔 Herre, H.; Heller, B.; Burek, P.; Hoehndorf, R.; Loebe, F. & Michalek, H.. General Formal Ontology (GFO): A Foundational Ontology Integrating Objects and Processes. Part I: Basic Principles. Research Group Ontologies in Medicine (Onto-Med), University of Leipzig. 〕 GFO has been developed by Heinrich Herre, Barbara Heller and collaborators (research group (Onto-Med )) in Leipzig. Although GFO provides one taxonomic tree, different axiom systems may be chosen for its modules. In this sense, GFO provides a framework for building custom, domain-specific ontologies. GFO exhibits a three-layered meta-ontological architecture consisting of an abstract top level, an abstract core level, and a basic level. Primarily, the ontology GFO: * includes objects as well as processes and both are integrated into one coherent system, * includes levels of reality,〔R. Poli. The Basic Problem of the Theory of Levels of Reality. Axiomathes, 2001. Springer.〕 * is designed to support interoperability by principles of ontological mapping and reduction, * contains several novel ontological modules, in particular, a module for functions and a module for roles, and * is designed for applications, firstly in medical, biological, and biomedical areas, but also in the fields of economics and sociology. ==Taxonomic tree of GFO== GFO (General Formal ontology) draws a fundamental distinction between concrete entities, categories and sets. Sets are described by an axiomatic fragment of set theory of Zermelo-Fraenkel, although fragments of anti-foundation axiom set theories such as ZF-AFA are considered. Concrete entities are entities which are in time and space, while categories have universal character. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「General formal ontology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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